TECHNOLOGICAL FRAMEWORKS
This week in EDU 210 we explored two technological framework models: the TPACK model and the SAMR model. Below is a breif explaination of the two models, enjoy!
The samr model
Dr. Puentedura researched and collected data on how teachers use and implement various technologies in their classrooms. After an analysis of the data, the SAMR model was created. Dr Puentedura's data collection continues and generously posts his slides to his numerous presentations on his blog (click here to see his blog).
The SAMR model is divided into two categories -- enhancement and transformation. Technology enhancement is where the teacher uses teachnology at a more basic level and is divided into two levels: subsitution and augmentation. An example of substitution would be having students word process an essay rather than write it out by hand. Technology transformation is exactly that -- using technology to transform educational tasks and doing these tasks in ways that were, if not impossible, extremely hard to do without the aid of technology. Teachnology transformation is also divided into two levels: modification and redefinition. The highest level of transformation is redefinition. An example of this is having your students interact with people and students from around the globe to complete a task. All these levels should be considered on a continuum, not distinct stages that a teacher goes through.
One key element to keep in mind when contemplating the SAMR model is that it is not necessarily the technology used that determines the level in the SAMR model, it is how the teacher uses the technology that makes the difference. Another key element would be that when using technology, the teacher always has to connect the content to the task and the technology in order to keep it relevant.
The tpack model
The TPACK model was created in 2006 when Mishra and Koehler from Michigan University took Stanford professor Lee Shulman's concept that content knowledge and pedagogical knowledge overlap and expanded this model to include technological knowledge (you can see their aticle here). TPACK stands for Technological Pedogogical and Content knowledge. Technological Knowledge is the knowledge of the technological tools which can be incorporated into the classroom. Content Knowledge, is just that, knowledge of the concepts and ideas that surround a particular subject (i.e. fractions). Pedagogical Knowledge is the knowledge of how to teach a particular concept. All three of these 'knowledges' are overlapping as they all support the other. As was taught in lecture on tuesday, I also believe that this model should be taken with a grain of salt. The implication that technology should be thought of first may be taken by some. I believe that teachers should consider the content then the best way to teach that concept and finally which technologies can support the lesson.
On the right is the TPACK model as per tpack.org which places technology at the top of the diagram (click here to be redirected to thier website or on the image on the right). Below is my personal version of the TPACK model. I choose to use draw.io to create my 'Where am I now' TPACK poster. I choose this tool because I found that it has the best balance between ease of use and more special features. Also, it can connect to my google drive which makes it very convenient for me. Because of these features, I think that students and colleagues alike would have an easy time using draw.io and therefore I would reccomend this tool in the future.
Reproduced by permission of the publisher, © 2012 by tpack.org
